Managing Osteoarthritis with Exercise Physiology Using the GLA:D® Program

Osteoarthritis is the most common form of arthritis, affecting 1 in 5 Australians over 45, and is more common in women than men. It is a whole-joint condition involving low-grade inflammation and changes such as cartilage breakdown, bone thickening, and the formation of small bony spurs (osteophytes). These changes can lead to pain, stiffness, swelling, and reduced mobility—often making everyday tasks like walking, climbing stairs, or getting out of a chair more challenging.

Exercise Physiology can play an important role in managing these symptoms by using targeted, evidence-based exercise to improve joint strength, stability, and movement quality. With personalised programs, people often experience reduced pain, improved function, and greater confidence in daily activity. Many individuals notice meaningful improvements in mobility and independence with regular, structured exercise.

This blog explores how Exercise Physiology and the GLA:D® Program can help you stay active, manage your symptoms, and maintain a better quality of life.

How Exercise Physiology Can Help

Exercise Physiologists help improve movement efficiency, reduce pain, and support better joint function. The GLA:D® Program is an evidence-based system of education and exercise designed specifically for people with hip and knee osteoarthritis.

Although GLA:D® is commonly delivered by physiotherapists, it can also be delivered by Exercise Physiologists who have completed the required GLA:D® training. When an Exercise Physiologist delivers the program, all core components are followed, with additional support in areas such as:

  • Personalised exercise prescription, especially for those with other health conditions

  • Graded strength and aerobic progression

  • Coaching around pacing, confidence, and establishing long-term activity habits

  • Integration of broader Exercise Physiology knowledge for chronic disease management

What the Program Involves

1. Individualised Exercise Plans

Your GLA:D® sessions include tailored exercises based on your joint health, mobility, and pain levels. These typically involve:

  • Neuromuscular exercises to improve joint stability and control

  • Strength training to reduce joint load

  • Functional exercises to support daily movements such as standing, stepping, and balance

2. Ongoing Monitoring

Your Exercise Physiologist will monitor your progress and adjust the exercises to ensure they feel safe, manageable, and effective.

3. Education and Self-Management Skills

A core part of the GLA:D® approach is understanding how osteoarthritis works and how exercise can influence symptoms. This includes strategies for managing pain, improving movement patterns, and supporting long-term joint health.

The focus of the GLA:D® approach is to help people understand their condition, improve movement patterns, and develop strategies for long-term self-management.

Taking the Next Step

Osteoarthritis doesn’t have to limit your lifestyle. An Exercise Physiologist can help you build strength around your joints, improve mobility, and develop a personalised plan to manage pain more effectively.

If you are interested in the GLA:D® Program, you can speak with your GP or contact us directly to learn more about how the program works and whether it may be suitable for you. Our team can guide you through the process and support you in taking positive steps toward better joint health.

Note: Always consult your healthcare provider before starting any new exercise or treatment program, particularly if you have concerns related to bone health or other medical conditions.